Electricity, a secondary energy source, is one of the most versatile and commonly used forms of energy. It plays a very important role in the development of human society and is one of the main drivers of economic and social development worldwide. The main sources of electricity in Ghana are hydro, thermal and other renewables. Hydro was the most dominant source of electricity until it was surpassed by thermal in 2015. As at the end of 2021 the share of hydro, thermal and other renewables were 29.1%, 68.9% and 2.1% respectively. Over the last decade, installed capacity of the nation has more than doubled due to the coming on stream of Bui Dam and new thermal plants. Thus, the electricity generated nationwide has increased to 20,170 GWh in 2020. This, among other factors, has resulted in an increase in the proportion of the population with access to electricity nationwide.

Despite the minute share of other renewables in the nation’s installed generation mix since its integration in 2013, the capacity of renewables has been increasing by an annual average growth rate of about 57%. This rapid rollout is in pursuit of improving supply security and addressing environmental impacts associated with electricity generation. The residential and industrial sectors together accounts for more than two-thirds of the final electricity consumption.